Rarraba karfen silicon yawanci ana rarraba su ta hanyar abun ciki na manyan ƙazanta uku na baƙin ƙarfe, aluminium da alli wanda ke ƙunshe a cikin abun da ke tattare da ƙarfe na silicon. Dangane da abun ciki na baƙin ƙarfe, aluminum da calcium a cikin silicon karfe, ana iya raba silicon karfe zuwa 553, 441, 411, 421, 3303, 3305, 2202, 2502, 1501, 1101 da sauran maki daban-daban.
A masana'antu, silicon karfe yawanci ana samar da shi ta hanyar rage carbon dioxide a cikin tanda na lantarki. Sinadarin halayen halayen: SiO2 + 2C → Si + 2CO Tsaftar siliki da aka samar ta wannan hanyar shine 97 ~ 98%, wanda ake kira silicon karfe. Sa'an nan kuma a narke shi da sake sakewa, kuma ana cire ƙazanta da acid don samun silicon na ƙarfe mai tsabta na 99.7 ~ 99.8%.
Silicon karfe ne yafi hada da silicon, don haka yana da kama da siliki. Silicon yana da allotropes guda biyu: silicon amorphous da silicon crystalline. Amorphous silicon foda ne mai launin toka-baki kuma ainihin microcrystal ne. Crystalline silicon yana da tsarin kristal da kaddarorin semiconductor na lu'u-lu'u, ma'aunin narkewa 1410 ℃, wurin tafasa 2355 ℃, taurin Mohs 7, gatsewa. Amorphous silicification yana aiki kuma yana iya ƙonewa da ƙarfi a cikin iskar oxygen. Yana amsawa da marasa ƙarfe irin su halogens, nitrogen da carbon a yanayin zafi mai yawa, kuma yana iya hulɗa da ƙarfe kamar magnesium, calcium da baƙin ƙarfe don samar da silicides. Amorphous silicon kusan ba zai iya narkewa a cikin duk inorganic acid da Organic acid, gami da hydrofluoric acid, amma mai narkewa a cikin gauraye acid na nitric acid da hydrofluoric acid. Mahimmin bayani mai mahimmanci sodium hydroxide zai iya narkar da siliki amorphous kuma ya saki hydrogen. Crystalline silicon ne in mun gwada da m, ko da a high yanayin zafi ba hada da oxygen, shi ne ba mai narkewa a cikin wani inorganic da Organic acid, amma mai narkewa a cikin nitric acid da hydrofluoric acid gauraye acid da mayar da hankali sodium hydroxide bayani.
Lokacin aikawa: Nuwamba-27-2024
